Analysis of adverse events following immunization of adsorbed acellular DPT vaccine at different vaccination sites / 上海预防医学

ObjectiveTo analyze the occurrence of suspected adverse events following immunization （AEFI） after changing the priority vaccination sites of the adsorbed acellular diphtherior-pertussis-tetanus vaccine （hereinafter referred to as DPT vaccine）， so as to provide scientific basis for mass vaccination. MethodsMonitoring data of AEFI for the DPT vaccine in Wujiang District from September 2020 to August 2022 were collected from China's disease prevention and control information system， and the vaccination information of DPT vaccine in all children's vaccination clinics in Wujiang District during the same period was selected. The incidence of AEFI for the DPT vaccine was analyzed and compared. ResultsThe reported incidence of AEFI was significantly lower in the buttocks than that in other sites （P<0.05）. The reported incidence of AEFI was significantly higher in booster immunization than that in basic immunization （P<0.05）. After inoculation at different sites， the main clinical symptoms of AEFI were local redness and swelling. There were significant differences in the incidence of local redness and swelling， local induration， pruritus and other symptoms （lethargy， abnormal crying， etc.） （P<0.05）. There were significant differences in the severity of local redness and swelling in different sites （P<0.05）. The degree of redness and swelling in the anterolateral thigh was lower than that in other sites （P<0.05）. The local strong reaction of swelling （>5.0 cm） in the deltoid muscle of the upper arm was significantly higher than that in the buttocks （P<0.05）. ConclusionThe DPT vaccine is safe in different parts of the body and is worth popularizing.

Challenges and strategies in depression research / 四川精神卫生

Depression constitutes the most common mental disorder with high prevalence rate， and is the leading contributor to the global burden of disease. Many factors are found to influence the development of depression， whereas either reliable biomarkers for the early diagnosis or diagnostic criteria for subtype classification currently exist for depression. Therefore， this paper gives a detailed discussion on the current status and existing challenges of depression research in the context of brain imaging， psychoneuroimmunology and electroencephalography， thus providing a new perspective for research directions and future strategies related to depression.

Association of N-cadherin (CDH2) polymorphisms with schizophrenia susceptibility and clinical symptoms in Han Chinese population / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective:A case-control association analysis was performed to investigate if the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of N-cadherin(CDH2) gene is implicated in schizophrenia in a Han Chinese population.Methods:A total of 528 patients with paranoid schizophrenia and 528 healthy controls were recruited from northern Henan province to analyze 25 SNPs located in CDH2 gene.The clinical symptoms of 267 first-episode schizophrenia patients were evaluated with positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS), and the correlation between CDH2 gene and clinical symptoms was analyzed by SNPStats software online.Results:Allele frequencies of rs9951577 and rs1231268 were significantly correlated with schizophrenia( P<0.05), genotype frequency of rs1639387 was significantly correlated with schizophrenia( P=0.044). After gender classification, SNPs rs1789470 and rs28365328 were found to be significantly correlated with schizophrenia in female patients ( P=0.044, 0.019). In addition, the study found that CDH2 was correlated with the clinical characteristics of schizophrenia( P<0.05), and the negative factor score of patients between GG type rs1231268 and the other two genotypes (AG+ AA) ((21.12±8.41) vs (18.87±7.52)) was statistically significant ( P<0.05). Conclusion:CDH2 gene may be one of the susceptibility genes to SZ, and has definite correlation with clinical negative symptoms.

Clinical observation on wrist-ankle acupuncture for shoulder-hand syndrome phaseⅠafter stroke / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To compare the clinical efficacy between wrist-ankle acupuncture and conventional acupuncture on shoulder-hand syndrome (SHS) phaseⅠafter stroke.@*METHODS@#A total of 64 patients with SHS phaseⅠafter stroke were randomized into a wrist-ankle acupuncture group and a conventional acupuncture group, 32 cases in each group. On the basis treatment of internal medicine and conventional rehabilitation, wrist-ankle acupuncture was applied at upper 4 area, upper 5 area and upper 6 area on the affected side in the wrist-ankle acupuncture group, while acupuncture was applied at Jianyu (LI 15), Quchi (LI 11), Shousanli (LI 10), etc. on the affected side in the conventional acupuncture group. The treatment was given 30 min each time, once a day, 5 days a week for 3 weeks in both groups. Before and after treatment, the visual analogue scale (VAS) score, degree of hand swelling, shoulder-hand syndrome scale (SHSS) score, Fugl-Meyer assessment for upper extremity (FMA-UE) score and modified Barthel index (MBI) score were observed, and the clinical therapeutic effect was evaluated in both groups.@*RESULTS@#After treatment, the VAS scores, degree of hand swelling and SHSS scores were decreased (P<0.05), and the FMA-UE scores and MBI scores were increased (P<0.05) compared before treatment in both groups; in the wrist-ankle acupuncture group, the VAS score, degree of hand swelling and SHSS score were lower (P<0.05), and the FMA-UE score and MBI score were higher (P<0.05) than those in the conventional acupuncture group. The total effective rate was 96.9% (31/32) in the wrist-ankle acupuncture group, which was superior to 90.6% (29/32) in the conventional acupuncture group (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Wrist-ankle acupuncture can effectively relieve pain and hand swelling, improve motor function of upper extremity and self-care ability of daily life in patients with shoulder-hand syndrome phaseⅠafter stroke, the therapeutic effect is superior to conventional acupuncture.

Comparative study of confirmed and suspected undiagnosed cases of COVID-19 in Changning District， Shanghai / 上海预防医学

Objective:To analyze and compare the differences between the epidemiological data and clinical indicators of confirmed and suspected undiagnosed cases of COVID-19 in Changning District， Shanghai. Methods:A retrospective comparative study was conducted. We included 20 confirmed and 34 suspected but undiagnosed COVID-19 cases from January 20 to February 29， 2020. We analyzed the differences in epidemiological history， early clinical symptoms， blood routine indicators， and clinical imaging characteristics between the two groups. Results:The epidemic status of COVID-19 in Changning District of Shanghai was mainly imported， and most cases were promptly confirmed. Early clinical symptoms of confirmed and suspected undiagnosed cases often manifested as respiratory symptoms such as fever and dry cough. Compared with the confirmed cases， the cell counts of leukocytes， eosinophils， and neutrophils in suspected undiagnosed cases were significantly higher. Also， the concentration of serum C-reactive protein in suspected cases was higher than that in confirmed cases （P=0.230）. The clinical imaging manifestations of confirmed cases were mainly ground glass opacity （GGO） scattered in both lung leaves， while the suspected undiagnosed cases mainly manifested as plain patch opacity， and the distribution of GGO was more irregular. Conclusion:There exists significant difference in blood routine indicators and clinical imaging features between confirmed and suspected cases of COVID-19.

Trikatu Churna In The Management Of Hypothyroidism

Thyroid disease especially Hypothyroidism is one of the commonest endocrine disorders worldwide and its prevalence of is increasing day by day. In allopathic system hypothyroidism is managed by replacement therapy with L-thyroxin which appears effective in restoring biochemical euthyroidism. However, studies continue to show problems in the management of this condition. Many patients report not feeling well with persistent symptoms despite adequate T4 replacement therapy. It has become necessary to find alternative medicine for managing hypothyroid symptoms. The main underlying pathology in Hypothyroidism is Hypometabolism in the tissues. This hypometabolism can be correlated to Mandagni in Ayurveda. Keeping this in mind we can plan the treatment of hypothyroidism in the line of treatment of Mandagni. In the treatment of Mandagni, on effective Ayurvedic formulation is Trikatu Churna. In this clinical study we have used Trikatu churna, as a dietary supplement in 30 patients from the OPD of Govt. Ayurvedic College and Hospital, Guwahati, to study its potential in the management of hypothyroidism. The statistical analysis of the data in trial group with Trikatu churna showed the value at 1.86 with level of significance at 1% (p<0.10). The Result of the clinical trial signifies that Trikatu churna is effective in the management of hypothyroidism.

Primary acinic cell carcinoma in mandible: a case report / 华西口腔医学杂志

Acinic cell carcinoma is a relatively rare salivary gland tumor predominantly occurring in the major glands. Therefore, acinic cell carcinoma rarely occurs in the mandible. In this study, a case of primary acinic cell carcinoma of the mandible was reported, and relevant literature was reviewed. The etiology, clinical symptom, image and histological features, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of acinic cell carcinoma in the mandible were discussed.

The rs11191580 variant of the NT5C2 gene is associated with schizophrenia and symptom severity in a South Chinese Han population: evidence from GWAS

Objective: Recent genome-wide association studies have identified a significant relationship between the NT5C2 variant rs11191580 and schizophrenia (SCZ) in European populations. This study aimed to validate the association of rs11191580 polymorphism with SCZ risk in a South Chinese Han population. The relationship of this polymorphism with the severity of SCZ clinical symptoms was also explored. Methods: A case-control study was performed in 462 patients with SCZ and 598 healthy controls. Rs11191580 was genotyped by the Sequenom MassARRAY iPLEX platform. A total of 459 SCZ patients completed the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) evaluation. Data were analyzed by PLINK software. Results: We confirmed an association of the rs11191580 polymorphism with SCZ risk in South Chinese Han under a dominant genetic model (ORadj = 0.769; 95%CIadj = 0.600-0.984; padj = 0.037). PANSS scores showed a significant association between variant rs11191580 and total score (padj = 0.032), lack of response scale score (padj = 0.022), and negative scale score (additive: padj = 0.004; dominant: padj = 0.016; recessive: padj = 0.021) after data were adjusted for age and sex. Conclusion: NT5C2 variant rs11191580 conferred susceptibility to SCZ and affected the clinical symptoms of SCZ in a South Chinese Han population.

A retrospective study on the clinical characteristics of patients with growth-hormone adenoma / 解放军医学杂志

Objective To evaluate the clinical characteristics of patients with growth-hormone adenoma (GHA) and summarize the diagnosis and treatment experience.Methods The clinical data of 338 GHA cases at the General Hospital of PLA from Jan. 1990 to Dec. 2016 were collected, of which 252 cases with more complete clinical data were retrospectively analyzed including their general situation, medical history, laboratory tests and auxiliary examinations, and treatment modalities and outcomes. Parts of the patients were followed up.Results The cases of hospitalized GHA patients have increased year by year since 1990, and the number of patients admitted in the last 3 years accounted for 56.2% of the total number of cases. The sex ratio for GHA patients was nearly 1:1. Age of visiting followed Gaussian distribution while the 41-50 age group occupied the largest part. The most typical sign is hand and foot enlargement (60.7%), followed by the hypertrophy of nasal ala. The most common symptoms are headache (42.5%), hypopsia, visual field defect and diplopia. More than half of GHA patients were complicated with prediabetes and diabetes (72.6%), sleep apnea (69.5%), goiter or thyroid nodularity (56.4%), cardiac insufficiency (57.0%) and colon polyp (54.1%); while the percentages of cases undergone the relevant examination in the total number of cases were as follows: 75g OGTT test (42.1%), polysomnography (23.4%), thyroid ultrasound (37.3%), echocardiogram (47.6%) and colonoscopy (14.7%); GHA was 23.37±1.42μg/L and IGF-1 was 804.28±273.93ng/ml on average; 85.0% of somatotroph tumors are macroadenoma. Surgery remains the mainstay of therapy to GHA, while medical therapy was selected by less patients. During the follow-up, only 38.0%of GHA patients can be contacted, among them the remission rate decreased to 40.5%. The positive rate of long-term remission evaluated by early postoperative GHA level was consistent with that confirmed by the long-term follow-up (χ2=3.368,P>0.05). Conclusions The number of hospitalized GHA patients have increased recent years. The common clinical signs and symptoms are somatic enlargement and nonspecific headache. Due to uncompleted screening, GHA associated complications are always misdiagnosed; It is essential to establish a sound model of follow-up to improve patients' quality of life. The early postoperative GHA levels may predict the prognosis of surgery.

Observations on the Efficacy of Sheng's Six-meridian Diagnosis and Treatment-based Acupuncture in Treating Cervical Spondylotic Arteriopathy / 上海针灸杂志

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of Sheng's six-meridian diagnosis and treatment-based acupuncture in treating cervical spondylotic arteriopathy.Method Seventy patients with cervical spondylotic arteriopathy were randomly allocated to treatment and control groups, 35 cases each. The treatment group received Sheng's six-meridian diagnosis and treatment-based acupuncture and the control group, conventional acupuncture. Doppler-detected vertebral artery blood flow velocity was measured, and the clinical symptom and sign score and the cervical vertigo symptom and functional assessment scale score were recorded in the two groups before and after treatment. The clinical therapeutic effects were compared between the two groups.Result The total efficacy rate was 85.7% in the treatment group and 62.9% in the control group; there was a statistically significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). There were statistically significant pre-/post-treatment differences in Doppler-detected vertebral artery blood flow velocity, the clinical symptom and sign score and the cervical vertigo symptom and functional assessment scale score in the two groups (P<0.01,P<0.05).Conclusion Sheng's six-meridian diagnosis and treatment-based acupuncture is an effective way to treat cervical spondylotic arteriopathy.

Observations on the Efficacy of Sheng's Six-meridian Diagnosis and Treatment-based Acupuncture in Treating Cervical Spondylotic Arteriopathy / 上海针灸杂志

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of Sheng's six-meridian diagnosis and treatment-based acupuncture in treating cervical spondylotic arteriopathy.Method Seventy patients with cervical spondylotic arteriopathy were randomly allocated to treatment and control groups, 35 cases each. The treatment group received Sheng's six-meridian diagnosis and treatment-based acupuncture and the control group, conventional acupuncture. Doppler-detected vertebral artery blood flow velocity was measured, and the clinical symptom and sign score and the cervical vertigo symptom and functional assessment scale score were recorded in the two groups before and after treatment. The clinical therapeutic effects were compared between the two groups.Result The total efficacy rate was 85.7% in the treatment group and 62.9% in the control group; there was a statistically significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). There were statistically significant pre-/post-treatment differences in Doppler-detected vertebral artery blood flow velocity, the clinical symptom and sign score and the cervical vertigo symptom and functional assessment scale score in the two groups (P<0.01,P<0.05).Conclusion Sheng's six-meridian diagnosis and treatment-based acupuncture is an effective way to treat cervical spondylotic arteriopathy.

Assessment of Clinical Symptoms in Lumbar Foraminal Stenosis Using the Japanese Orthopaedic Association Back Pain Evaluation Questionnaire

OBJECTIVE: It is important to develop an easy means of diagnosing lumbar foraminal stenosis (LFS) in a general practice setting. We investigated the use of the Japanese Orthopaedic Association Back Pain Evaluation Questionnaire (JOABPEQ) to diagnose LFS in symptomatic patients. METHODS: Subjects included 13 cases (mean age, 72 years) with LFS, and 30 cases (mean age, 73 years) with lumbar spinal canal stenosis (LSCS) involving one intervertebral disc. The visual analogue scale score for low back pain and leg pain, the JOABPEQ were evaluated. RESULTS: Those with LFS had a significantly lower JOA score (p<0.001), while JOABPEQ scores (p<0.05) for lumbar dysfunction and social functioning impairment (p<0.01) were both significantly lower than the scores in LSCS. The following JOABPEQ questionnaire items (LFS vs. LSCS, p-value) for difficulties in: sleeping (53.8% vs. 16.6%, p<0.05), getting up from a chair (53.8% vs. 6.6%, p<0.001), turning over (76.9% vs. 40%, p<0.05), and putting on socks (76.9% vs. 26.6%, p<0.01) such as pain during rest, and signs of intermittent claudication more than 15 minutes (61.5% vs. 26.6%, p<0.05) were all significantly more common with LFS than LSCS. CONCLUSION: Results suggest that of the items in the JOABPEQ, if pain during rest or intermittent claudication is noted, LFS should be kept in mind as a cause during subsequent diagnosis and treatment. LFS may be easily diagnosed from LSCS using this established patient-based assessment method.

Animal model analysis on transient ischemic attack based on clinical symptom characteristics of Chinese and Western medicine / 中国中药杂志

Based on the clinical symptom characteristics of transient ischemic attack in Chinese and Western medicines, the existing models of transient ischemic attack were summarized and analyzed. Then the advantages and disadvantages of each model, the diagnostic criteria of traditional Chinese and Western medicine and clinical symptoms compliance were analyzed to put forward the evaluation method and improvement method of the corresponding animal models. It was found that there were many modeling methods of transient ischemic attack, but they can not reflect the transience, reversibility, recurrence and other typical characteristics of the disease, with significant differences with clinical symptoms. Moreover, there is lack of reasonable quantitative criteria for the success of the animal model. By combining the existing single factor animal models, a composite animal model that was more closely related to the clinical symptoms of transient ischemic attack was established to replicate an animal model that was more compatible with the characteristics of clinical symptoms. It is the future development directions of the transient ischemic attack animal models to establish reasonable quantitative standards, reflect the causes of Chinese and Western medicine symptoms and improving a series of systematic and complete model evaluation methods.

Relationship between short humerus disease and Kashin Beck disease in Kaschin-Beck disease areas in Tibet / 中华地方病学杂志

Three new points of view were reported in this study:1.Found out the distribution of KaschinBeck disease (KBD) in Tibet,the complexity of bone disease composition,and the types of osteopathy coexisted which need to be identified;2.The clinical symptoms of KBD in Tibet were significantly different from those in other areas of our country;3.The new clinical subtypes of KBD were found in Tibet,which had humeral shortness and short stature,but with normal hands and feet.This discovery made us understand KBD more profoundly and comprehensively,and promoted the research and prevention work of KBD.

Correlation between grey matter damage and clinical symptom of multiple sclerosis: Research advances / 国际药学研究杂志

Generally, the pathological changes of multiple sclerosis(MS) is mostly on lesion of the central white matter (WM). However, the clinical symptoms such as cognitive impairment cannot be fully explained just by the WM damage. Therefore, central gray matter (GM) damage has attracted more attention. The development of magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) makes in vivo detection of GM while showing the clinical symptoms possible. Yet, the correlation between the patient clinical symptoms and GM damage particularly in cortex still need to be elucidated. Hence, we summarize the historical background and give an overview of the correlation between GM damage and MS clinical symptoms in terms of cognitive impairment and epilepsy.

Correlation between grey matter damage and clinical symptom of multiple sclerosis:research advances / 国际药学研究杂志

Generally,the pathological changes of multiple sclerosis(MS) is mostly on lesion of the central white matter (WM). However,the clinical symptoms such as cognitive impairment cannot be fully explained just by the WM damage. Therefore, central gray matter(GM)damage has attracted more attention. The development of magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)makes in vivo detection of GM while showing the clinical symptoms possible. Yet,the correlation between the patient clinical symptoms and GM dam?age particularly in cortex still need to be elucidated. Hence,we summarize the historical background and give an overview of the corre?lation between GM damage and MS clinical symptoms in terms of cognitive impairment and epilepsy.

Research Overview and Question Discussion on International Clinical Phenotype Ontology / 世界科学技术-中医药现代化

Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) clinical symptoms, which were main evidences in syndrome differentiation and treatment, were also main data in the clinical individual diagnosis and treatment. However, the absence of high-quality symptom ontology was still obvious in TCM clinical and data using. By analyzing the research and data of clinical phenotype ontologies associated with symptoms, this paper was aimed to introduce and sort the existing ontologies, in order to discuss related problems. Furthermore, we provided ideas and expound the importance of building data network of symptoms, diseases, genes, drugs, chemicals, side effects with the data we collected and disposed around symptoms, in order to construct TCM clinical phenotype ontology. We believed that our work will help the development of individual treatment and precision medicine in TCM. It was also the key of individual big data analysis which was urgent need to promote.

Amplitude of low frequency fluctuation in first-episode depression and its relationship with the separate symptom clusters: a resting-state fMRI study / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective To explore the relationship between energy feature of the spontaneous neural activity and separate symptom clusters in first-episode depression.Methods 22 first-episode depression patients and 26 age-,gender-matched healthy controls were scanned with 3.0 T MRI Scanner.The t-test was employed to compare the difference of amplitude of low frequency fluctuation (ALFF) between the two groups,and the correlation analyses were conducted between ALFF of brain regions with significant difference and the severity of depressive symptoms clusters.Results Compared with healthy group,the depression group showed significantly increased ALFF in the right middle frontal gyrus (9,45,-6; K =18) and the bilateral fusiform gyrus (-34,-19,-12; K =37 and 30,-33,-18 ; K =31,respectively),and decreased ALFF in the left precuneus (0,-72,42; K =19) (P＜0.05,corrected by Alphasim).The ALFF of the the right middle frontal gyrus,the right fusiform gyrus,and the left precuneus were negative correlated with the scores of weight factor,retardation factor and sleep disturbance factor (r=-0.494,P=0.019; r=-0.486,P=0.022 and r=-0.484,P=0.023,respectively).Conclusion Abnormal energy feature of the spontaneous neural activity may be associated with severity of specific depressive symptoms clusters in first-episode depression patients during resting-state.

Chronic intermittent form of isovaleric aciduria in a 2-year-old boy / 소아과

Isovaleric aciduria (IVA) is caused by an autosomal recessive deficiency of isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase (IVD). IVA presents either in the neonatal period as an acute episode of fulminant metabolic acidosis, which may lead to coma or death, or later as a "chronic intermittent form" that is associated with developmental delays, with or without recurrent acidotic episodes during periods of stress, such as infections. Here, we report the case of a 2-year old boy with IVA who presented with the chronic intermittent form. He was admitted to Asan Medical Center Children's Hospital with recurrent vomiting. Metabolic acidosis, hyperammonemia, elevated serum lactate and isovalerylcarnitine levels, and markedly increased urine isovalerylglycine concentration were noted. Sequence analysis of the IVD gene in the patient revealed the novel compound mutations-a missense mutation, c.986T>C (p.Met329Thr) and a frameshift mutation, c.1083del (p.Ile361fs*11). Following stabilization during the acute phase, the patient has remained in a stable condition on a low-leucine diet.

Effects of Naikan cognitive therapy on improving clinical symptoms in patients with convalescent schizophrenia / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective To explore effects of Naikan cognitive therapy on improving clinical symptoms in patients with convalescent schizophrenia. Methods The 69 convalescent schizophrenic patients with convalescent clinical state were consecutively recruited. All the patients were divided into Naikan cognitive therapy ( NCT) group an control group at random and were pretreated with antipsychotic agent therapy. In NCT group,the patients received NCT for successive 7 days. In control group,the patients only received antipsychotic agent therapy. Pre-and post-treatment positive and negative syndrome scale( PANSS) , Nurses'observation scale for inpatient evaluation (NOSIE) were administered to all subjects. Results ① A significant decrease occurred in PANSS total score, negative symptom score, positive symptom score, compound scale score, general psychopathology score, reaction retardation score and paranoid score in NCT group ( t = 2. 672～7. 370, P < 0. 05). In the post-treatment, PANSS total score, negative symptom score, positive symptom score, compound scale score, reaction retardation score and thought disorder score were significantly lower in NCT group than those in control group ( t ' = 2. 696, P = 0. 009; t = 5. 186, P=0.000; t = 3.757, P = 0.001; t = 2.634,P = 0.011; t ' =2.376, P = 0.021). ②A significant decrease occurred in NOSIE total negative score( 10.43 ± 9. 24 vs 13. 87 ± 8. 03, t = 3. 463 , P = 0. 002) , irritation score(3. 13 ±0.43 vs8.53 ±4.98, t = 6. 139, P=0.000) and retardation score(1.07 ± 1.64 vs 2. 20 ±2.85, t = 2.067, P = 0.048) in NCT group. Conclusion NCT can possibly improve part clinical symptoms of patients with convalescent schizophrenia to a certain extent,especially negative symptom,but need to further prove the effect of NaiKan cognitive therapy.